V Model

The V - model is SDLC model where execution of processes happens in a sequential manner in V-shape. It is also known as Verification and Validation model.

V - Model is an extension of the waterfall model and is based on association of a testing phase for each corresponding development stage. This means that for every single phase in the development cycle there is a directly associated testing phase. This is a highly disciplined model and next phase starts only after completion of the previous phase.

Ø  In V Model manual testing, testing activity will be done after each development phase.

Ø  In the V Model SDLC, both the Development activity and the testing activities start almost at the same time with the same information. The development team does design and development and test team does the Test planning, scripting and testing. It?s a parallel process for both development and testing. This model steps are quite similar to waterfall model. This is the one of the most popular model of software test life cycle.

Verification Phases:

Following are the Verification phases in V-Model:

·         Business Requirement Analysis: This is the first phase in the development cycle where the product requirements are understood from the customer perspective. This phase involves detailed communication with the customer to understand his expectations and exact requirement..

·         System Design:

Once you have the clear and detailed product requirements, it is time to design the complete system. System design would comprise of understanding and detailing the complete hardware and communication setup for the product under development

·         Architectural Design:

Architectural specifications are understood and designed in this phase. System design is broken down further into modules taking up different functionality. This is also referred to as High Level Design (HLD).

·         Module Design:

In this phase the detailed internal design for all the system modules is specified, referred to as Low Level Design (LLD). It is important that the design is compatible with the other modules in the system architecture and the other external systems.

Coding Phase

The actual coding of the system modules designed in the design phase is taken up in the Coding phase.. The coding is performed based on the coding guidelines and standards. The code goes through numerous code reviews and is optimized for best performance before the final build is checked into the repository.

Validation Phases

·         Unit Testing:  Testing each modules individually is called Unit testing

·         Integration Testing:  Integrating all modules and testing once is called Integration testing.

·         System Testing. System tests check the entire system functionality and the communication of the system under development with external systems. Most of the software and hardware compatibility issues can be uncovered during system test execution.

·         Acceptance Testing: Acceptance testing is associated with the business requirement analysis phase and involves testing the product in user environment.

Advantage:

The advantage of V-Model is that it is very easy to understand and apply. The simplicity of this model also makes it easier to manage.

Disadvantage:

The disadvantage is that the model is not flexible to changes and just in case there is a requirement change, which is very common in today’s dynamic world, it becomes very expensive to make the change